Past Issue
Volume 09 - Issue 04 (July - August 2025)
| Title: | Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Variation of Malaria in the Sakété-Ifangni Health Zone, South-East of Benin Analyse de la variation spatio-temporelle du paludisme dans la zone sanitaire Sakété-Ifangni, au sud-est du Bénin |
| Authors: | Parfait C. Alexis Ahohoundo, Gratien Boni, Roch Christian Johnson |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 01 - 12, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | Malaria remains one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in the world. African countries south of the Sahara are particularly vulnerable, with high levels of transmission despite multiple prevention and control interventions. The present study analyzes the spatio-temporal variation in malaria incidence in the Sakété-Ifangni health zone in southeastern Benin. To this end, the epidemiological, demographic and spatial data collected underwent specific processing. The Cochran Armittage test was used to assess the temporal trend in the cumulative incidence of malaria, while the spatial dimension of the endemic was apprehended using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method, which revealed the levels of endemicity in the communes of Sakété and Ifangni. The results reveal an accentuation of the disease at health zone level, reflected in a fluctuating and increasing overall trend, rising from 76.13 ‰ to 144.37 ‰ over the decade. Similarly, disease transmission follows a seasonal pattern that contrasts a period of decline (51.62 ‰ in February-March) followed by a surge in cases between April and November (88.98 ‰). At communal level, the increase in the frequency of morbid events over the decade is maintained, although the commune of Ifangni is less affected. The same is true for the arrondissements, although morbidity in regions with high morbidity is three times higher (3.21) than in those with low morbidity. These various trends are confirmed by the Cochran Armittage test. Moreover, geospatial variation shows that morbid risk is more pronounced in the northwest (Ita-Djèbou) and south (Banigbé, Daagbé, Tchaada and Takon) regions, which are the endemic foci. These results on the variation of the disease in time and space are crucial for rigorous planning and increased monitoring of targeted control actions at health zone level. |
| Keywords: | Variation, Malaria, Spatio-temporal, Health zone, Sakété and Ifangni. |
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| Title: | Rising Flooding in Garoua: Impacts of Hydro Morphological, Humans Factors and Proposed Solutions from 1940 to 2022 (Cameroon) |
| Authors: | Houmbosso Yangne Claire Maximilienne, Mena Marin Sylvere Marie and Kouedjou Idriss Landry |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 13 - 32, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | This analysis is part of the context of climate change and their impacts in the locality of Garoua, aims to fully understand the extreme hydro morphological dynamics in order to better manage the risks and disasters linked to floods. It is about identifying and anticipating the effects of climate change on floods in order to protect vulnerable communities. This strengthens the resilience of ecosystems and populations in the face of environmental crises. Several recent events bear witness to the recurrence of floods. In 2022, unprecedented floods received approximately 1.3 million people in Chad, resulting in the displacement of more than 350,000 people and the submersion of a million hectares of planting, according to the World Bank data (Armand Mouko Boudombo, 2024). In 2024, these floods caused 341 deaths and affected nearly 1.5 million people throughout the country, according to the United Nations Bureau for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (Jeune Afrique, 2024). In the Cameroon Far North region, cities like Yagoua were seriously affected by repeated floods, especially in 2024, where torrential rains resulted in a dozen deaths and significant damage (Africanews, 2024). Garoua, in 2012, the floods caused significant damage. The bubble and Bibemiré districts were particularly affected due to the waters of the Benue. A primary school has been engulfed by waters, and about twenty homes have been collapsed, leaving many homeless (Cameroon-Info, 2012). To add to this, the years 1988, 1991, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2009, 2010, 2014 and 2019 recorded strong precipitation in Garoua causing considerable consequences. Thus, combined factors such as: seasonal variability, El Niño and Niña episodes, plant cover, urbanization, and inadequate choice explain the all-out frequency of these floods in the city of Garoua? It was then that in an analysis that is both diachronic synchronic, we also used: in relation to normal, away from average, ten -year and five -year sequential averages and the rain. The study reveals that the floods in the city of Garoua not only are caused by natural and anthropogenic factors but also that these are accompanied by devastating consequences not only on civilian populations, society, on infrastructures, on food resources, but also on the economy. Although strategies such as the construction of dikes and the flooding emergency project have been implemented, their efficiency remains limited. The study offers additional adaptation measures, such as the construction of sheltered neighborhoods and the implementation of fast alert systems, in order to better anticipate and manage floods. This article thus spreads an efficiency contribution to the management of risk and hydro meteorological disasters. It is a tool for the protection of civilian populations in the face of the impact of climate change. |
| Keywords: | Precipitation, El Niño, La Niña, implications, resurgence, floods, Garoua |
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| Title: | Mathematical Analysis of RubClean and Elastowett Production Capacity in the Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study |
| Authors: | Muhammad, Marsudi, Firda Herlina, Idzani Muttaqin, Salleh Ahmad Bareduan |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 33 - 40, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | The polymer and rubber compounding industry faces challenges in optimizing production efficiency while minimizing bottlenecks. This study applies queuing theory to analyze the productivity of RubClean and Elastowett manufacturing processes, with a focus on workstation efficiency and reducing lead time. This study evaluated conventional queuing models (M/M/1, M/M/2, and M/G/1) using observational data and statistical validation, including the Chi-square goodness-of-fit test. Findings indicate that inefficiencies arise from blocking in the cutting workstation and starvation in the packing process. The proposed improvements, such as parallel processing and the addition of a punching machine, reduce queue time from 92% to 32%, significantly enhancing system stability and throughput. Empirical validation confirms the accuracy of queuing models in predicting production performance. This study presents a structured approach to mitigating production inefficiencies; however, its findings are limited by the assumptions inherent in steady-state data. Future research should investigate the integration of real-time data to refine adaptive queuing models for dynamic manufacturing environments, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of these models. |
| Keywords: | Production productivity; Manufacturing optimization; Queuing theory; Rubber products |
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| Title: | The Soft Storey Impact on the Seismic Resistance of Masonry Structures A Linear and a Non-Linear Colloquial Narration |
| Authors: | Samir H. Helou |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 41 - 46, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | Mundane construction in Palestine is predominantly comprised of reinforced concrete framed structures with infill stone clad walls; they are generally formed of modest quality concrete elegantly dressed with natural stones. Moreover, such walls, where austerity prevails, are built of hollow concrete blocks; they are normally constructed at the center lines of the periphery columns. Masonry walls are conceptuallyconsidered nonstructural elements and are seldom included in analysis. Moreover, functional requirements in urban areas demand that certain floor levels are reserved for parking or open reception spaces; hence soft storeys emerge as a functional requirement which leaves some floor levels essentially unbraced i.e., a soft storey. In Palestine and elsewhere in the Middle East, seismic analysis and design are increasingly imposed requirements by local governments due to the proximity of the Dead Sea fault. Infill walls add considerable stiffness and mass which together considerably impact the response. The following investigative study of the influence of stone clad walls on the general response of structures during seismic events is carried out on a repertoire of numerical models that represent the various forms a selected G+6 edifice. The study makes particular focus on structures with a soft storey. The seismic analysis for the linear perspective is based on the quasi-static Response Spectrum Method, while the performance-based discourse is conducted according to the first generation of Pushover Analysis, namely Capacity Spectrum Method of ATC 40 and the improved guidelines of Fema 440. The study investigates, inter alias, story displacements and story drifts hence the impact of the soft storey is quantified for the scrutinized numerical models. Nonlinear analysis is obligatory under high intensity earthquakes where inelastic response and cracking are potentially expected. The study concludes that certain forms of masonry construction of structures with a soft storey are prone to seismic induced damages. |
| Keywords: | Irregular Structure; Response Spectrum Analysis; Infill Walls; Base Shear; Strut Elements. |
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| Title: | The Influence of Employee Competence and Organizational Culture on Service Excellence with Work Motivation as a Mediating Variable (A Case Study at the Department of Transportation, Pemalang Regency) |
| Authors: | Syamshul Rizal, Ita Kristianingsih, Gita Sugiyarti |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 47 - 68, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | This study aims to examine how employee competence and organizational culture impact the quality of excellent service, with work motivation serving as an intervening variable. The research is motivated by the crucial role of human resources and organizational values in delivering optimal services to customers. The study population consists of civil servants employed at the Transportation Department of Pemalang Regency, totaling 79 employees. A quantitative methodology with a survey approach was utilized for this research. Data was gathered via questionnaires distributed to respondents working in public service agencies. Data analysis employed Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS), using the SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings indicate that employee competence and organizational culture have a significant and positive effect on work motivation. Additionally, work motivation has a positive influence on the quality of excellent service. It was also found that work motivation significantly mediates the impact of employee competence and organizational culture on service quality. These results underscore the strategic role of motivation as a link between individual capabilities and organizational values in relation to service outcomes. This research presents important implications for organizational managers to prioritize the development of competencies, foster a strong work culture, and manage employee motivation to achieve sustainable excellent service. |
| Keywords: | Employee Competence, Organizational Culture, Work Motivation, Service Excellence. |
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| Title: | A Study on Foundry Sand as an Alternative Raw Material: Technical and Environmental Feasibility in the Production of Blocks Um estudo sobre areia de fundição como matéria-prima alternativa: viabilidade técnica e ambiental na produção de bloquetes |
| Authors: | Amanda Jhenifer Felipe, Geraldo Magella Obolari de Magalhães, Wilson Machado Enes |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 69 - 74, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the technical and environmental feasibility of reusing foundry sand as an alternative raw material in the production of concrete pavers. The increasing generation of industrial waste, particularly in the metallurgical sector, calls for sustainable solutions that reduce environmental impacts and promote circular economy practices. Concrete pavers were produced with varying proportions of foundry sand replacing natural sand and were subjected to tests for compressive strength, water absorption, and wear resistance. The results showed that, at certain substitution levels, foundry sand can be used without compromising the mechanical properties of the pavers, achieving satisfactory performance and contributing to the reduction of improper waste disposal. Therefore, the research demonstrates that the reuse of foundry sand is a viable alternative aligned with sustainable engineering principles. |
| Keywords: | waste reuse; foundrysand; sustainability; concrete pavers; technicalfeasibility. |
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| Title: | Investor Perceptions of AI-Generated vs Manual Research Reports: A Comparative Study in Financial Services |
| Authors: | Dr. A. V. Hariharan, Mr. K. Arun |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 75 - 79, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | This study examines investor perceptions, preferences, and trust levels regarding AI-generated research reports compared to traditional manual research reports in the financial services sector. Using a sample of 101 investors from Goodwill Wealth Management Private Limited, the research employs descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests, and regression analysis to understand factors influencing investor adoption of AI-based financial tools. Results indicate that while investors appreciate AI's speed and data accuracy, they still value human expertise for judgment and contextual analysis. The study reveals no significant demographic differences in AI trust levels, suggesting broader acceptance across age and gender groups. These findings provide valuable insights for financial service providers seeking to optimize their research delivery strategies. |
| Keywords: | Artificial Intelligence, Financial Services, Investment Research, Investor Behavior, Technology Adoption |
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| Title: | Authorship Identification System Using Word2Vec Word Embedding Model |
| Authors: | Kyi Pyar Zaw |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 80 - 87, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | Authorship identification is a field of study where researchers investigate for various approaches to identify an unknown text’s author. The aim is to determine who wrote anonymous texts by providing writing examples from potential authors. Authorship identification system identifies the most possible author of texts such as articles, news, books, blogs, emails and messages, etc. Applications for this evaluation include news stories, forensic science, plagiarism detection, and responsibility for published work. Source code authorship identification has grown in significance over time due to the prevalence of online academic examinations, malware, and other types of code-based plagiarism. This system examines the authorship identification of news articles written in English. Extraction of features that indicate an author's writing style is the primary goal of the authorship identification challenge. In traditional methods of authorship identification, hand-crafted features are used to represent the text. Unlike traditional approaches, this system proposes the authorship identification by investigating the use of Word2Vec that performs automatic feature extraction. In the subject of authorship identification, deep layers of neural networks can employ word embedding to extract characteristics from them and learn the patterns of authors based on context and word co-occurrence. |
| Keywords: | Authorship Identification, CBOW, Logistic Regression, Skip gram, Word Embedding, Word2Ve |
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| Title: | Improvement of Reliability and Security of Electrical Power Distribution System Planning using Distribution Generator |
| Authors: | Ganiyu Adedayo Ajenikoko, Abdulbasit Oladayo Ajenikoko, Ayoade Benson Ogundare, Toheeb Olamilekan Azeez, Muslihudeen Oloyede Abdulwahab, Aaron Oladayo Alabi, Ibukunoluwa Emmanuel Adetutu |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 88 - 96, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | Distribution system is the most extensive part of the electrical power system, whose main function is to provide power to individual consumer premises. Due to its radial structure, the system suffers from low reliability issues thereby, exposing the system to the highest rate of interruptions. This research paper therefore, employed Distribution Generator (DG) to improve the reliability and security of the radial distribution system planning during disturbance. Forward and Backward Sweep (FBS) distribution load flow technique was performed for steady state and contingency. The reliability indices; Loss of Load Probability (LOLP), Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE), Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS) and Expected Cost (ECOST) of interruptions were estimated. The DG model was incorporated in the system to improve the reliability indices. The simulation was carried out in MATLAB R2021a. The approaches were validated on standard IEEE 25-bus test system. The results showed that with application of the DG, the reliability and security of the system were improved compared with the contingency case. Thus, the approach of this research is suitable and effective for the reliability assessment of electrical distribution systems. |
| Keywords: | Distribution system, Reliability, LOLP, LOLE, EENS, ECOST |
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| Title: | Distributed Generation: Benefits, Challenges and Impact on Electrical Distribution System and Protection |
| Authors: | Ganiyu Adedayo Ajenikoko, Abdulbasit Oladayo Ajenikoko, Aremu Raphael Olayiwola, Ayoade Benson Ogundare, Mayowa Iseoluwa Fajuyitan, Yusuf Abayomi Olagunju, Gafar Ayokunnun Oladipupo |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 97 - 103, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | With the rapid advancement of technology and growing concerns about environmental impacts, small-scale generation sources, known as Distributed Generation (DG), are increasingly integrated into distribution networks. However, for these systems to operate efficiently and reliably, their design must account for computational feasibility. DG systems often rely on electronic power converters, which can interfere with protective device coordination, lead to feeder mis-tripping, increase fault levels, and cause overvoltage issues within the power grid. Therefore, it is crucial to thoroughly assess the benefits, challenges, and impacts of DG on existing distribution and protection systems. This research paper focuses on reviewing these aspects through comprehensive study of integration of DG in power system |
| Keywords: | Environmental Impacts, Distributed Generation, Distribution Networks, Protective Device, Generation Sources, Reliability. |
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| Title: | Hydraulic Optimization and Design Validation of the Tailrace Channel Slope for the Subansiri Lower HE Project Using Physical Modeling |
| Authors: | Dr. K. C. Sahu |
| Source: | International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management, pp 104 - 109, Vol 09 - No. 04, 2025 |
| Abstract: | This study presents the hydraulic optimization and design validation of the tailrace channel slope for the Subansiri Lower Hydroelectric Project, India’s largest run-of-river scheme currently under construction. To address complex site conditions and ensure efficient discharge of turbine outflow, a comprehensive physical model study was conducted at the Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune, using a 1:35 geometrically similar scale model. Four alternative configurations with varying longitudinal bed slopes were evaluated based on flow visualization, velocity measurements, and tailwater level fluctuations. The original design and initial alternatives exhibited significant flow pulsations, non-uniform velocity distributions, and water surface fluctuations up to 0.8 m, posing risks of erosion and operational instability. An optimized configuration (Alternative-3) with a longitudinal bed slope of 1V:2H demonstrated substantial improvements, including minimized water level fluctuations, smoother velocity profiles, and enhanced overall hydraulic efficiency. Model observations confirmed that the optimized layout ensures safe and efficient energy dissipation under various operating conditions without adverse hydraulic phenomena. The findings highlight the critical role of physical modeling in tailoring hydraulic structures to complex challenging river conditions and difficult terrain near the Subansiri project site. The study recommends the adoption of the optimized tailrace channel slope for the Subansiri Lower HE Project and offers valuable insights for the design of similar large-scale hydropower facilities. |
| Keywords: | Physical modeling, Tailrace channel, Hydraulic optimization, Subansiri project, Slope design, Hydropower flow management. |
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